The QSFP28 100G 100KM optical module leverages the compact, low-power QSFP28 form factor (typical power consumption <6W) to achieve ultra-long reach transmission without relying on coherent technology. Its architecture is built upon three core innovations:
Using LAN-WDM technology, the module transmits four distinct wavelengths (e.g., 1271nm, 1291nm, 1311nm, 1331nm) over a single-mode fiber in parallel, significantly improving spectral efficiency. The transmitter incorporates high-power EML lasers (up to 4.5dBm output) and semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs), along with precision optical filters to suppress dispersion and nonlinear effects. On the receiver side, transimpedance amplifiers (TIA) and low-noise circuitry enhance sensitivity to below -10dBm, ensuring stable long-distance transmission.
A built-in RS (544,514) forward error correction (FEC) mechanism tolerates a bit error rate of up to 3.8×10⁻³, effectively expanding the link budget. The embedded DSP chip compensates for optical impairments like chromatic dispersion (CD) and polarization mode dispersion (PMD), enabling 100km transmission without external amplifiers or dispersion compensators.
With hermetically sealed packaging and chip-on-board (COB) assembly, the optical engine is tightly integrated with the circuit board to minimize signal loss and crosstalk. The module meets GR-468 reliability standards and supports an extended industrial operating temperature range of -40°C to +85°C, ensuring long-term performance in harsh environments.
Optimized laser output, efficient optical coupling, and noise suppression allow for 100km unamplified transmission over single-mode fiber—surpassing conventional non-coherent modules (e.g., ER4 at 40km) and even some coherent solutions like ZR4 (up to 80km). This enables direct interconnection between metro-core nodes and across-city data centers without relay devices.
Unlike high-cost coherent modules that require complex DSPs and polarization multiplexing, this module achieves long-distance transmission through cost-optimized optical and electrical coordination. It delivers 30%-50% lower power consumption and costs only one-third to half of comparable coherent solutions, making it ideal for metro networks and cost-sensitive DCI applications.
Compliant with IEEE 802.3bm and SFF-8679, the QSFP28 module supports hot-pluggable interfaces and integrates seamlessly with mainstream switches and routers (e.g., Cisco Nexus, Huawei CE series). It supports 4×25G NRZ signaling and can be breakout-configured into four 25G SFP28 channels to accommodate various network architectures.
The module passes rigorous eye diagram testing (with >20% eye margin) and long-term bit error tests (7×24h, 100km error-free operation). Built-in digital diagnostic monitoring (DDM) continuously tracks optical power, temperature, and bias current, supporting real-time troubleshooting and remote O&M.
In metropolitan networks, the QSFP28 100G 100KM module enables direct connectivity between core urban nodes, replacing complex multi-hop or coherent solutions. It supports converged services like voice, video, and IoT over a single fiber, minimizing equipment footprint and energy use.
For data centers spread across cities or large campuses, this module provides direct, cost-effective, high-speed connectivity over distances up to 100km. It supports real-time synchronization, disaster recovery, and multi-cloud deployments without requiring expensive DWDM systems or optical amplifiers.
In 5G networks, when the distance between AAUs and DU/core exceeds 10km, traditional LR4/ER4 modules often require relays. The QSFP28 100G 100KM module directly covers distances up to 100km, reducing latency (<5μs) and simplifying backhaul deployment for URLLC services.
Ideal for scenarios like live broadcasting or remote industrial monitoring, the module supports lossless 4K/8K video transmission over 100km using existing fiber infrastructure, eliminating the need for major upgrades.
The emergence of QSFP28 100G 100KM modules marks a significant breakthrough in non-coherent optical transmission for long-haul links. Its value is evident in:
Performance-Cost Balance: Delivers near-coherent reach at a fraction of the cost—ideal for metro and DCI deployments.
Network Simplification: Reduces reliance on amplifiers and DWDM systems, streamlining optical network design and maintenance.
Energy Efficiency: Sub-6W design supports green data centers and PUE optimization, contributing to carbon neutrality goals.
Looking forward, advancements in silicon photonics and optoelectronic integration may further lower costs and enable scaling to 200G/400G. Integration with O-band DWDM technologies could also expand its role in OTN-based intelligent optical networks, positioning it as a key building block for next-gen optical infrastructure.
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